Menopause & Breast Pain: Understanding Causes and Finding Relief

Breast pain, or mastalgia, is a common symptom during menopause and can present in various ways, including tenderness, tightness, and burning pain in the breasts. Despite its prevalence, only 30% of women experiencing these symptoms seek medical consultation, as they may not associate it with the menopausal transition.⁽¹⁾

When women do consult a doctor, it's usually driven by fear of breast cancer or because the pain has become so severe that it significantly impairs their quality of life. It’s important to note that breast pain alone is rarely an indication of breast cancer. However, it’s recommended to seek medical help to alleviate physical discomfort and reduce anxiety about the underlying cause.

Causes and Symptoms of Breast Pain During Menopause

Breast discomfort during menopause, including pain or tenderness, is mainly of two types: cyclic and noncyclic.

Cyclic Breast Pain

Cyclic breast pain is closely linked to the menstrual cycle and typically affects both breasts, although it can also occur in just one. The discomfort usually arises in the upper and outer areas of the breast(s) and can extend to the underarm and arm. The pain or soreness typically subsides once menstruation ends. To determine its cyclical nature, healthcare professionals often advise women to record their breast pain over several months.⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

Characteristics of cyclic breast pain include the following:

• Swelling of the breast(s)

• Dull, heavy, or aching pain

• Varying pain intensity, from mild to severe, often increasing as menstruation approaches

Hormonal fluctuations are a key contributor to this type of breast pain. The network of ducts and lobules in the breasts reacts sensitively to estrogen and progesterone levels. Estrogen predominantly promotes the growth and health of the ductal system in the breasts, while progesterone influences the lobules or milk-producing glands. An imbalance between estrogen and progesterone during menopause can increase breast sensitivity and discomfort. 

Noncyclic Breast Pain

Conversely, noncyclic breast pain isn't tied to the menstrual cycle. This kind of breast pain is characterized by the following:⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

• Soreness

• Tightness in the breast

• A burning sensation

Noncyclic breast pain can result from various factors, such as the ones listed below:⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

Breast Cysts

Breast cysts are benign, fluid-filled sacs that can feel like small beads within the breast tissue. Hormonal shifts can influence their growth. When these cysts become large or tender, they may contribute to breast pain.

Lifestyle Factors

Diet can play a crucial role in breast health. Excessive caffeine consumption or a diet high in certain fatty acids might exacerbate breast soreness. 

Inadequate Support

As the body changes during menopause, supportive garments can provide better comfort. Ill-fitting bras can contribute to breast discomfort and even pain, so regular fitting is advisable during this period.

Treatment Options for Menopausal Breast Pain

Finding relief from breast pain during menopause may involve a combination of the following methods:⁽¹⁾

• A Comfortable and Supportive Bra: A well-fitting bra can provide the necessary support and help alleviate discomfort. Sports bras may offer additional support during physical activities.

• Over-the-Counter Pain Medication: Non-prescription medications, such as ibuprofen, can effectively manage breast discomfort. However, consulting with a healthcare provider before starting any new medication regimen is advised.

• Topical Treatments: Topical creams with anti-inflammatory ingredients might help in reducing breast discomfort. These creams can be applied directly to the affected area for targeted relief.

• Supplements: Daily doses of 1,200 IU of vitamin E, 3,000 mg of evening primrose oil, or a combination of both at these dosages may decrease the severity of cyclical mastalgia. These supplements can be used as an adjunct to other treatment options for a more comprehensive approach to managing breast pain. However, it's recommended to consult a physician to prevent any potential interactions with prescription medications.

• Warm or Cold Compresses: Applying a warm or cold compress to the sore area can also help alleviate breast discomfort. Warm compresses can ease muscle tension, while cold compresses can help reduce inflammation and swelling.

• Dietary Changes: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats can support overall health and may help ease some of the hormonal symptoms during the menopause transition, including breast discomfort. Limiting caffeine intake can also help, as it’s seen to trigger breast pain in some women.

• Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Supplying hormones externally can help maintain a balance between estrogen and progesterone levels. This may help reduce breast pain in some women.

When to See a Doctor for Breast Pain During Menopause

Women experiencing breast pain should consult a physician, especially if the pain persists or is accompanied by these signs:⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

• Nipple discharge

• Change in skin texture or color

• New lumps

Regular mammogram screenings are a cornerstone of women's health during this transition. They enable early detection, which can significantly increase the chances of effective treatment and positive outcomes. According to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, mammograms should be conducted every two years from the age of 50 to 74.⁽³⁾ 

Experiencing breast pain during menopause? Discover if HRT is right for you.

If you’ve entered the menopause transition and are struggling with breast pain, don’t suffer in silence. Take our brief menopause quiz to see if you’re an eligible candidate for HRT. Get started with Winona to take the first step toward feeling better.