Menopause can cause a series of vaginal changes, including dryness, itchiness, irritation, tenderness, and painful intercourse. These are common symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), which affects 50% of all menopausal women in the US.
Estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are responsible for vaginal health and lubrication. As levels of these hormones drop during perimenopause and menopause, the natural lubrication of the vagina lessens. Vaginal elasticity also decreases, and the vaginal wall becomes thinner. The resulting vaginal dryness is more than just a minor irritation that comes with an itching and burning sensation; it can also significantly impact your sex life.
Without treatment, vaginal dryness and irritation can get much worse. Vaginal estrogen creams and HRT can help restore lubrication and ease these symptoms.